Components of a Temporary Citation
The typical EndNote temporary (unformatted) citation consists of an author’s last name, a year, and a record number, all enclosed in citation delimiters. However, temporary citations can take on various other formats.
Temporary citations must begin and end with the opening and closing citation delimiters, but the other components of a temporary citation can vary.
You can type any string of text found in the reference, as in:
{dinosaur extinction}
Or, you can type any of these items in this order (comma placement is significant):
{Prefix \Author, Year #Record Number Suffix}
{Prefix \Author, Year, Any Text, Suffix}
Each component is briefly described below; more detailed information follows.
Author’s Last Name: Only the last name of one author is listed in a temporary citation. It can be any author associated with the reference, not just the first author. Include a comma after the author’s name to limit the search only to author fields:
{Schwartz, 1990}
Year: The year should appear exactly as it does in the reference, and it should be preceded by a comma. Even if you leave out the author name, include a comma and a space before the year to limit the search to the Year field:
{, 2001}
Record Number: The record number will always be unique for the library it resides in. However, it is not a permanent number. If a reference is moved to a different library, it will be assigned a new record number. If it is synchronized across computers or shared with colleagues through EndNote Sync, it will probably be assigned a new number. If it is cut and then pasted back into the same library, it will be assigned a new number. See Record Numbers. It is also possible to use the Accession Number or the Label fields in place of record numbers for temporary citations (see Temporary Citations Preferences).The record number must be preceded by a number sign:
{Jones, 1987 #84}
Any Text: Any text that appears in the reference can be used to help EndNote locate the reference in the library. In order for this to be helpful, select words that are unique to that reference. Enter the specific text only or enter the text in place of the record number part of the temporary citation and after a second comma:
{greenhouse}
{Schwartz, 1990, any text}
{Schwartz, , any text}
In the third example, where the date is omitted, you must insert a space between the two commas or EndNote will not recognize any citation matches.
Note: When using Any Text, EndNote will not search for whole words. If the text is part of a longer word, it will still be found. The more complete the information in the temporary citation, the better chance of a match. For example, you might find it helpful to follow the format used by EndNote online. EndNote online does not use record numbers for the third identifier; it uses the reference title. So an unformatted/temporary citation might look something like this: {Koepke, 2015, Delayed Gratification: A Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus) Will Wait for a Better Reward}.
Prefix Text: To add text to print before the formatted citation, type the text immediately after the opening brace and then a backslash "\" to separate prefix text from the search text:
{see \Jones, 1987 #84}
Suffix Text: To add text to print after a formatted citation, enter the suffix text immediately after the record number or enter a third comma after the search text and then type the suffix text (the third comma will be included in the formatted citation):
{Smith, 1995 #98 p.293}
{Smith, 1995, dinosaur, p.293}
{Smith, 1995, #98, section 3}
Note: Suffix text will always appear in the formatted citation. It is not dependent on the Cited Pages field being included in the style. This field can be used to add any type of information, not just page numbers.
Page Numbers: To add page numbers to a temporary citation, type @ and the page numbers after the record number. Page numbers require the Cited Pages field be included in the style and will be formatted according to the style settings.
{Jones, 1987 #84@23}
Page Numbers Only: If you have a citation where you want only the page numbers to appear, formatted according to a style that includes the Cited Pages field, remove both the Author and the Year from the temporary citation:
{#95@53}
Caution: This works well only when using a single library, without using EndNote Sync. When working with multiple libraries, or a library on multiple computers synchronized through EndNote Sync, there is a danger of having the same record number assigned to different references.
Author (Year) format: To add a citation that is formatted as Author (Year) in your text, include @author-year after the pages designator:
{Hesse, 2003 #95@@author-year}
or
{Hesse, 2003 #95@237@author-year}
Bibliography Only format: To insert a citation that only appears in the bibliography, include @@hidden, where the first @ is needed as the pages placeholder:
{Smith, 1995 #98@@hidden}
Note: For an easy way to modify individual Cite While You Write citations once they are formatted, see Editing Citations in Microsoft Word.